1、简单查询
[[one()]]: 根据查询结果返回查询的第一条记录。
[[all()]]: 根据查询结果返回所有记录。
[[count()]]: 返回记录的数量。
[[sum()]]: 返回指定列的总数。
[[average()]]: 返回指定列的平均值。
[[min()]]: 返回指定列的最小值。
[[max()]]: 返回指定列的最大值。
[[scalar()]]: 返回查询结果的第一行中的第一列的值。
[[column()]]: 返回查询结果中的第一列的值。
[[exists()]]: 返回一个值,该值指示查询结果是否有数据。
[[where()]]: 添加查询条件
[[with()]]: 该查询应执行的关系列表。
[[indexBy()]]: 根据索引的列的名称查询结果。
[[asArray()]]: 以数组的形式返回每条记录。
应用实例:
Customer::find()->one(); 此方法返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->all(); 此方法返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->count(); 此方法返回记录的数量;
Customer::find()->average(); 此方法返回指定列的平均值;
Customer::find()->min(); 此方法返回指定列的最小值 ;
Customer::find()->max(); 此方法返回指定列的最大值 ;
Customer::find()->scalar(); 此方法返回值的第一行第一列的查询结果;
Customer::find()->column(); 此方法返回查询结果中的第一列的值;
Customer::find()->exists(); 此方法返回一个值指示是否包含查询结果的数据行;
Customer::find()->asArray()->one(); 以数组形式返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->asArray()->all(); 以数组形式返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->one(); 根据条件以数组形式返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->all(); 根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->orderBy("id DESC")->all(); 根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据,并根据ID倒序;
2、关联查询
[[ActiveRecord::hasOne()]]:返回对应关系的单条记录
[[ActiveRecord::hasMany()]]:返回对应关系的多条记录
应用实例:
//客户表Model:CustomerModel
//订单表Model:OrdersModel
//国家表Model:CountrysModel
//首先要建立表与表之间的关系
//在CustomerModel中添加与订单的关系
Class CustomerModel extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
...
public function getOrders()
{
//客户和订单是一对多的关系所以用hasMany
//此处OrdersModel在CustomerModel顶部别忘了加对应的命名空间
//id对应的是OrdersModel的id字段,order_id对应CustomerModel的order_id字段
return $this->hasMany(OrdersModel::className(), ["id"=>"order_id"]);
}
public function getCountry()
{
//客户和国家是一对一的关系所以用hasOne
return $this->hasOne(CountrysModel::className(), ["id"=>"Country_id"]);
}
....
}
// 查询客户与他们的订单和国家
CustomerModel::find()->with("orders", "country")->all();
// 查询客户与他们的订单和订单关联的发货地址(注:orders 与 address都是关联关系)
CustomerModel::find()->with("orders.address")->all();
// 查询客户与他们的国家和状态为1的订单
CustomerModel::find()->with([
"orders" => function ($query) {
$query->andWhere("status = 1");
},
"country",
])->all();
注:with中的orders对应getOrders
常见问题:
1.在查询时加了->select();如下,要加上order_id,即关联的字段(比如:order_id)比如要在select中,否则会报错:undefined index order_id
// 查询客户与他们的订单和国家 CustomerModel::find()->select('order_id')->with('orders', 'country')->all();
3、findOne()和findAll()
// 查询key值为10的客户
$customer = Customer::findOne(10);
$customer = Customer::find()->where(["id" => 10])->one();
// 查询年龄为30,状态值为1的客户
$customer = Customer::findOne(["age" => 30, "status" => 1]);
$customer = Customer::find()->where(["age" => 30, "status" => 1])->one();
// 查询key值为10的所有客户
$customers = Customer::findAll(10);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(["id" => 10])->all();
// 查询key值为10,11,12的客户
$customers = Customer::findAll([10, 11, 12]);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(["id" => [10, 11, 12]])->all();
// 查询年龄为30,状态值为1的所有客户
$customers = Customer::findAll(["age" => 30, "status" => 1]);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(["age" => 30, "status" => 1])->all();
4、where()条件
$customers = Customer::find()->where($cond)->all();
$cond写法举例:
// SQL: (type = 1) AND (status = 2).
$cond = ["type" => 1, "status" => 2]
// SQL:(id IN (1, 2, 3)) AND (status = 2)
$cond = ["id" => [1, 2, 3], "status" => 2]
//SQL:status IS NULL
$cond = ["status" => null]
[[and]]:将不同的条件组合在一起,用法举例:
//SQL:`id=1 AND id=2`
$cond = ["and", "id=1", "id=2"]
//SQL:`type=1 AND (id=1 OR id=2)`
$cond = ["and", "type=1", ["or", "id=1", "id=2"]]
[[or]]:
//SQL:`(type IN (7, 8, 9) OR (id IN (1, 2, 3)))`
$cond = ["or", ["type" => [7, 8, 9]], ["id" => [1, 2, 3]]
[[not]]:
//SQL:`NOT (attribute IS NULL)`
$cond = ["not", ["attribute" => null]]
[[between]]: not between 用法相同
//SQL:`id BETWEEN 1 AND 10`
$cond = ["between", "id", 1, 10]
[[in]]: not in 用法类似
//SQL:`id IN (1, 2, 3)`
$cond = ["in", "id", [1, 2, 3]]
//IN条件也适用于多字段
$cond = ["in", ["id", "name"], [["id" => 1, "name" => "foo"], ["id" => 2, "name" => "bar"]]]
//也适用于内嵌sql语句
$cond = ["in", "user_id", (new Query())->select("id")->from("users")->where(["active" => 1])]
[[like]]:
//SQL:`name LIKE "%tester%"`
$cond = ["like", "name", "tester"]
//SQL:`name LIKE "%test%" AND name LIKE "%sample%"`
$cond = ["like", "name", ["test", "sample"]]
//SQL:`name LIKE "%tester"`
$cond = ["like", "name", "%tester", false]
[[exists]]: not exists用法类似
//SQL:EXISTS (SELECT "id" FROM "users" WHERE "active"=1)
$cond = ["exists", (new Query())->select("id")->from("users")->where(["active" => 1])]
此外,您可以指定任意运算符如下
//SQL:`id >= 10`
$cond = [">=", "id", 10]
//SQL:`id != 10`
$cond = ["!=", "id", 10]
5、常用查询
// WHERE admin_id >= 10 LIMIT 0,10
User::find()->select("*")->where([">=", "admin_id", 10])->offset(0)->limit(10)->all()
// SELECT `id`, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `user`) AS `count` FROM `post`
$subQuery = (new Query())->select("COUNT(*)")->from("user");
$query = (new Query())->select(["id", "count" => $subQuery])->from("post");
// SELECT DISTINCT `user_id` ...
User::find()->select("user_id")->distinct();
6、更新
//update();
//runValidation boolen 是否通过validate()校验字段 默认为true
//attributeNames array 需要更新的字段
$model->update($runValidation , $attributeNames);
//updateAll();
//update customer set status = 1 where status = 2
Customer::updateAll(["status" => 1], "status = 2");
//update customer set status = 1 where status = 2 and uid = 1;
Customer::updateAll(["status" => 1], ["status"=> "2","uid"=>"1"]);
7、删除
$model = Customer::findOne($id);
$model->delete();
$model->deleteAll(["id"=>1]);
8、批量插入
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->batchInsert(UserModel::tableName(), ["user_id","username"], [
["1","test1"],
["2","test2"],
["3","test3"],
])->execute();
9、查看执行sql
//UserModel
$query = UserModel::find()->where(["status"=>1]);
echo $query->createCommand()->getRawSql();
10、数据库查询
User::find()->all(); 此方法返回所有数据;
User::findOne($id); 此方法返回 主键 id=1 的一条数据(举个例子);
User::find()->where(["name" => "鲁鲁槟"])->one(); 此方法返回 ["name" => "鲁鲁槟"] 的一条数据;
User::find()->where(["name" => "鲁鲁槟"])->all(); 此方法返回 ["name" => "鲁鲁槟"] 的所有数据;
User::find()->orderBy("id DESC")->all(); 此方法是排序查询;
User::findBySql("SELECT * FROM user")->all(); 此方法是用 sql 语句查询 user 表里面的所有数据;
User::findBySql("SELECT * FROM user")->one(); 此方法是用 sql 语句查询 user 表里面的一条数据;
User::find()->andWhere(["sex" => "男", "age" => "24"])->count("id"); 统计符合条件的总条数;
User::find()->andFilterWhere(["like", "name", "小伙儿"]); 此方法是用 like 查询 name 等于 小伙儿的 数据
User::find()->one(); 此方法返回一条数据;
User::find()->all(); 此方法返回所有数据;
User::find()->count(); 此方法返回记录的数量;
User::find()->average(); 此方法返回指定列的平均值;
User::find()->min(); 此方法返回指定列的最小值 ;
User::find()->max(); 此方法返回指定列的最大值 ;
User::find()->scalar(); 此方法返回值的第一行第一列的查询结果;
User::find()->column(); 此方法返回查询结果中的第一列的值;
User::find()->exists(); 此方法返回一个值指示是否包含查询结果的数据行;
User::find()->batch(10); 每次取 10 条数据
User::find()->each(10); 每次取 10 条数据, 迭代查询
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->batchInsert("category", ["cate_name","pid"], [["手表","0"],["书包","0"]])->execute(); 批量插入
var_dump($items->createCommand()->getRawSql()); 在页面中打印出Sql语句
11、where参数
①、and
// 我们要查询id大于1并且小于3的数据
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["and" , "id > 1" , "id < 3"])->all();
// 或者用以下方式,更为安全
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["and" , [">" , "id" , 1] , ["all();
// 往往我们会处理比这更复杂的sql
// 假如我们要查询name是王五 并且 id大于1或者id小于3的数据
$userInfo = User::find()->where(
["and" ,
["=" , "name" , "王五"] ,
["or" ,
["=" , "id" , 1] ,
["=" , "id" , 3]
]
])->asArray()->all();
// 注:asArray()方法会将数据以数组的方式显示
②、or
// 我们要查询id等于1或者id等于3的数据
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["or" , "id = 1" , "id = 3"])->all();
// 我们同样可以使用以下方式
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["or" , ["=" , "id" , 1] , ["=" , "id" , 3]])->all();
// 假如我们要查询id在4,8,9范围内 或者 id在1,2,3范围内呢?
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["or" , ["id" => [4,8,9]] , ["id" => [1,2,3]]])->all();
③、between
// 我们要查询id在1到10的范围之内
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["between" , "id" , 1 , 10])->all();
④、in
// 我们要查询id在1、2、3的范围内
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["in" , "id" , [1,2,3]])->all();
⑤、like
// 我们要查询name中包含"张"这个字符的数据
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["like" , "name" , "张"])->all();
// 我们假如要通配name中包含"张"这个字符,而且还得包含"三"这个字符
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["like" , "name" , ["张" , "三"]])->all();
// 我们假如只需要通配左边即可
$userInfo = User::find()->where(["like" , "name" , "%三" , false])->all();
// 所以,右边也是同样