一、下载 laravel 5.5

composer create-project laravel/laravel=5.5.* laravel5.5_resource

新建数据库 laravel5.5_resource

修改 .evn 配置文件

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel5.5_resource
DB_USERNAME=laravel5.5_resource
DB_PASSWORD=laravel5.5_resource

修改中国时区，在 config/app.php 中修改

'timezone' => 'PRC',

切换目录

cd laravel5.5_resource

二、创建数据

创建 post model

php artisan make:model Post -m

创建文章 factory

php artisan make:factory PostFactory --model=Post

此命令会生成一个文件：database/factories/PostFactory.php，打开这个文件，进行修改

$factory->define(App\Post::class, function (Faker $faker) {
    return [
        'title' => $faker->sentence,
        'user_id' => 1,
        'content' => $faker->paragraph,
    ];
});

执行数据迁移

php artisan migrate

如果报错

Specified key was too long; max key length is 1000 bytes

问题解决：在 AppServiceProvider 中调用 Schema::defaultStringLength 方法来实现配置：

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

public function boot()
{
    Schema::defaultStringLength(191);
}

进入 tinker

php artisan tinker

创建用户数据

factory('App\User', 5)->create();

创建文章数据

factory('App\Post', 3)->create();

三、User

创建 User resource

php artisan make:resource User

修改创建的文件：app/Http/Resources/User.php

public function toArray($request)
{
    return [
        'username' => $this->name,
        'email' => $this->email,
    ];
}

添加自定义字段：app/Http/Resources/User.php 新增方法

public function with($request)
{
    return [
        'status' => 'success',
    ];
}

修改 routes/web.php

Route::get('/', function () {
    $user = \App\User::find(1);
    return new \App\Http\Resources\User($user);
});

启动 serve

php artisan serve

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

去除 data 参数：修改 app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource;

public function boot()
{
    Resource::withoutWrapping();
}

删除：app/Http/Resources/User.php 新增的 with 方法

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

自定义 data 名称：修改 app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource;

public function boot()
{
    Resource::wrap('info');
}

四、UserCollection

4.1、collection

创建 UserCollection resource

php artisan make:resource UserCollection

修改创建的文件：app/Http/Resources/UserCollection.php

public function with($request)
{
    return [
        'status' => 'success',
    ];
}

修改 routes/web.php

Route::get('/', function () {
    $users = \App\User::get();
    return new \App\Http\Resources\UserCollection($users);
});

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

4.2、paginate

修改 routes/web.php

Route::get('/', function () {
    $users = \App\User::paginate(2);
    return new \App\Http\Resources\UserCollection($users);
});

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

可以看到 laravel 会自动新增两个参数：links、meta

4.3、模型关系

创建 Post resource

php artisan make:resource Post

创建 PostCollection resource

php artisan make:resource PostCollection

修改 app/Http/Resources/Post.php

public function toArray($request)
{
    return [
        'title' => $this->title,
    ];
}

修改 app/Post.php

public function posts()
{
    return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
}

修改 app/Http/Resources/User.php

public function toArray($request)
{
    return [
        'username' => $this->name,
        'email' => $this->email,
        'posts' => new PostCollection($this->posts),
    ];
}

修改 routes/web.php

Route::get('/', function () {
    $user = \App\User::with('posts')->find(1);
    return new \App\Http\Resources\User($user);
});

访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/